What does an executor actually do?
An executor turns your will into reality: secure and value the estate, apply for the Grant of Probate, pay funeral costs, debts and tax, then distribute what remains exactly as the will directs, keeping accounts. Without a will the equivalent role is administrator, chosen by the intestacy rules — see the executor checklist.
- Secure the estate — locate the will, protect property and valuables, notify banks and pension providers.
- Value everything — list assets and debts as at the date of death.
- Apply for the Grant of Probate — the legal authority to deal with the estate (with a will, this is probate; without one, Letters of Administration).
- Pay what is owed — funeral costs, debts, and any inheritance tax due.
- Distribute the rest — exactly as the will directs, keeping clear accounts for the beneficiaries.
Who should you choose as executor?
Someone trustworthy, organised and willing — usually a spouse, adult child, sibling or close friend. Choose people likely to outlive you. You can name up to four; two, or one plus a substitute, is the practical default. Always ask before naming them. See can an executor be a beneficiary?
Why do substitutes matter?
Executors can die before you, become unable to act, or simply decline — the role cannot be forced on anyone. A substitute steps in automatically if that happens. In the SwiftWill interview, name up to four people and order them as you like. Review the list after big life changes.
Can an executor also be a beneficiary or a witness?
A beneficiary can be an executor — that is very common. A beneficiary, or their spouse or civil partner, must not witness the will; their gift fails under section 15 of the Wills Act 1837. An executor who is not a beneficiary can witness, though independent witnesses are safer. See who can witness.
Do you need a professional executor?
For most straightforward estates, no. Professional executor fees can run into thousands, deducted from the estate — MoneySavingExpert warns against being signed up by default. SwiftWill never names itself executor and never sells executor or probate services. Choose people you trust; they can hire help for specific tasks later at ordinary rates.